UNIT 29: Indefinite quantifiers II (lượng từ bất định)

I.Grammar

1.  Both, both of, neither, neither of, either, either of

When you speak about exactly two things, used together with a noun (khi bạn nói chính xác về hai thứ, sử dụng cùng với một danh từ)

a.     Both (cả), neither (không), either (hoặc)

• Examples:
• Both books are very good. (cả hai quyển sách đều rất hay)
• Neither book is expensive. (không quyển sách nào đắt cả)
• I would like either book. I don’t mind. (tôi thích cả hai quyển sách. Tôi không ngại đâu)

b.  Both of, neither of, either of

When you use “both of”, you always need “the/these/those;my/yours/his/Tom’s...” (khi dùng “both of” bạn phải có “the/these/those; my/yours/his/Tom’s...”)

Wrong: Both of books.

Right: Both of the books, both of those books, both of Tom’s books...

• Examples:
• Both of the books are very good. (cả hai quyển sách đều rất hay).
• Neither of his books is expensive (không quyển sách nào của anh ta đắt cả)
• I could not choose either of these books (tôi không thể chọn bất kì quyển sách nào trong số này)
• You don’t need “of’after ‘both’ (bạn không cần “of” sau “both”)
• Examples: Bothmy parents are from London. OR: Bothof my parents are from London.
• You can use “both of, neither of, either of”+ “us/you/them” (dùng “both of, neither of, either of” + “us/you/them”)
•  Examples:
• Can either ofyouspeak Spanish?
• Both ofus were very tired.

• You can also use “both, neither, either” without a noun (có thể dùng “both, neither, either” mà không có danh từ).
• Examples:
• I couldn’t decide which of the two shirts to buy. I liked both. (ORI liked both of them)
• ‘Is your friend British or American?’ ‘Neither. She’s Australian.’
• ‘Do you want tea or coffee?’ “Either.I don’t mind.”

2.  All (tất cả), all of, no, none of (không), most, most of (hầu hết)             

For more than 2 things with a noun (dùng cho nhiều hơn 2 thứ với một danh từ).

a.   All, no, most

• Examples:
• All the books are very good.
• No book is very good.
• Most books are very good.
• Watch out!

We never use ‘the most’ books. (chúng ta không bao giờ dùng “the most” books.)

b.       All of, none of, most of

When you use “all of” you always need “the/this/that/these/those;my/yours/his/Tom’s...” (khi dùng “all of” bạn luôn cần “the/this/that/these/those;my/yours/his/Tom’s...”)

Wrong: All of books.

Right: All of the books, all of those books, all of Tom’s books...

• Examples:
• All of the books are very good.
• None of those books is expensive.
• Most of these books are very good.
• You don’t need “of” after “all, half’ (không cần “of” sau “after, half”)
• Examples:  “All of my books are good” OR “all my books are good”
•   You can use „allof,noneof, mostof” + „us/you/them” (bạn có thể dùng “all of, none of, most of” + “us/you/them”)
• Examples:
• All of us were happy.
• None of you is tall.
• Most of them are good.
•   You can use „all of, none of, most of” without a noun (dùng “all of, none of, most of” mà không cần danh từ).
• Examples:
• A few books are good, but most are not.
• Half (of) the books are mine and half are yours.
• “Do you like these books?”- “No, all are not good, I like none “

II.   Exercises

1.      Choose the right quantifiers

a. Both/both of/all/all of the two flowers are beautiful.

b. All/all of/most/most of students are lazy.

c. I don’t like neither/neither of/either/either of spinach nor any other vegetable.

d. She can’t choose all/all of/either/either of/neither/neither of the two shoes.

e. He doesn’t like no/none of them.

f. There are no/none of/ all/ all of people in the school.

g. All/all of/both/both of these cups are yellow.

h. A lot of people will go to the stadium, most/most of/all/all of them go by motorbike.

i. Both/both of/no/none of girls are very pretty.

j. They are both/both of/all/all of hungry and tired after school.

k. I asked all of you but no/none/all/all of/most/most of you couldn’t tell me the way.

l. Do you want bread or rice? Neither/neither of/either/either of, I’m not hungry.